Not much help, but in my searching I found a reference to "U.S. Army uniforms and equipment, 1889:
specifications for clothing, camp and garrison equipage, and clothing and equipage materials".
It's supposed also mention items from earlier during the Indian Wars. Searching on that title I got a preview from Google books that showed me an artillery guidon. I'm guessing there's a wealth of information and dull reading if you can get a complete copy. Good luck!