In mining operations British sappers and miners used an explosive called
Ammonal. Not sure what this looks like. I think it was a powder that came in rubber sacks. Time for some googling, I reckon. Or go to Picardy or Flanders and start digging. There is still loads of it buried underground!

T.E. Lawrence used gelignite to blow up trains on the Hejaz railway, with cut-up rifles used as detonators. Gelignite can come in stick-shaped packages. A wooden crate with an open top filled with sticks might be one way to portray it.
I'm sure other things were used, but those are two I know about off the top of my head.