It's odd that the plaster is chipping so much, perhaps it is due to the "flex" or the foam bricks and pringles can base.
I would think you might want to use a more durable material in a future project, like patching plaster that one would normally use to fill holes in drywall.
This said, a coat of paint mixed with PVA might add a measure of stability to your current base, and help prevent future chipping issues. I recently carved a stone well out of high-density foam, and one of the first things I did was paint it with a mixture of craft paint and PVA, even though there was nothing to "chip" off.