Along with steel helmets, WW1 brought back the concept of the armored shield (used today by police in some situations). Some of these concepts seem rather far-fetched to modern eyes, but we must remember the armies wouldn't know they didn't work till they tried them.
A Russian adjustable shield for 5 men, supposedly in use by the Germans in 1914 after capturing them from fleeing Russian forces. Frankly, looks like it would make a good target for field artillery.
\https://64.media.tumblr.com/251bb33c424b761cbde736937bc9d63d/tumblr_inline_p84zcbUSld1t1zsc0_1280.jpg
French riflemen using a wheeled armored shield in Aisne area, February 1916.
https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205280071The Germans used a one-man sniper shield, usually built into the parapet of a trench, that had a sliding cover for the loop-hole.
https://german1914.com/tores-tuesday-the-sniper-shield/